Abstract

This research aims to: 1) study the components and indicators of internal supervision in educational institutions to enhance the learning management competencies of secondary school teachers; 2) examine the current situation, desired conditions, and essential needs of internal supervision in educational institutions for the development of these competencies; and 3) explore guidelines for internal supervision in educational institutions to improve the learning management skills of secondary school teachersThe research is divided into three phases: Phase 1: Synthesis of components and indicators of internal supervision to enhance the learning management competencies of secondary school teachers, based on the study of relevant concepts, theories, documents, and research. The appropriateness of components and indicators was assessed by seven experts. Phase 2: Surveying the current situation, desired conditions, and analyzing essential needs. The sample group size was determined according to the Krejcie and Morgan table, consisting of 385 secondary school administrators and teachers selected through multistage sampling. The tool used was a questionnaire, with reliability measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Phase 3: Identifying guidelines for internal supervision in educational institutions to enhance the learning management competencies of secondary school teachers, based on the study of three exemplary educational institutions with outstanding performance and data were analyzed through content analysis. Research Findings 1) Components and Indicators of Internal Supervision: The components and indicators for internal supervision in educational institutions to enhance the learning management competencies of secondary school teachers include: Planning for supervision, Implementation of supervision, Evaluation of supervision, Reflection on supervision, Improvement of supervision practices 2) Current and Desired Conditions: The overall current practice of internal supervision is at a moderate level, while the desired conditions are rated at the highest level. Specifically, the area of reflection on supervision shows the highest essential needs. 3) Guidelines for Internal Supervision: The proposed guidelines for internal supervision in educational institutions to enhance the learning management competencies of secondary school teachers involve integrating Professional Learning Community (PLC) processes with internal supervision in all areas, including planning, implementation, evaluation, reflection, and improvement of supervision. Additionally, for planning and implementing supervision, the guidelines include: Promoting the use of media, innovations, and digital technologies, Providing sufficient resources for operations, Continuous monitoring and supervision by school administrators.

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