Abstract

Using a social constructionist lens, this research explored gender dynamics in extracurricular activities among Eswatini high school students. The study used a qualitative narrative inquiry methodology and included semi-structured interviews with 24 purposively selected participants (12 boys and 12 girls) aged 16 to 18 years from four high schools. We gathered data through individual interviews and focus groups. The data showed that cultural expectations and gender stereotypes have a strong influence on extracurricular activities, resulting in considerable inequalities in participation and support for boys and girls. While boys are encouraged to participate in competitive sports and frequently receive stronger institutional support, girls are typically consigned to supportive roles with little options for competitive involvement. Activities like rugby are primarily reserved for boys, supporting traditional gender standards. The study identified the mechanisms by which gender inequalities persist in school settings and recommends structural adjustments to promote greater inclusivity and justice in extracurricular programming.

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