Abstract

This research aims to 1) study the current state of learning environments that promote innovative thinking and digital literacy, 2) develop the SCID Model for smart classrooms, 3) examine the model’s effectiveness, and 4) evaluate and validate the model through expert review. The study is conducted in four phases: Phase 1 involves surveying the existing learning environment; Phase 2 focuses on developing the SCID Model and research tools; Phase 3 implements the model with students; and Phase 4 evaluates and validates the model. The research sample comprises 245 faculty members from Northeast Rajabhat Universities, seven educational technology experts, seven research instrument specialists, six expert panel members, and 23 undergraduate students enrolled in the Technology and Innovation for Learning course. Research tools include a learning environment questionnaire, in-depth interviews, the SCID Model, implementation tests, assessments of innovative thinking and digital literacy, and a satisfaction survey. Data analysis employs frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, dependent t-tests, and content analysis for qualitative data. Results reveal that the current smart classroom environments face significant challenges in physical, psychological, social, and technological aspects, with the highest demand for improvement. The developed SCID Model comprises input factors (physical environment), a learning process (psychological, social, technological environments), outputs (digital literacy skills), and outcomes (innovative thinking skills). Implementation showed significant improvements in students’ skills at the 0.05 level, with high satisfaction. Expert validation found 33.33% confirmed model completeness, while 66.66% suggested refinements.

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