Abstract

In response to the spatial, educational, and social challenges posed by rapid urbanization in contemporary China, this study investigates the Beijing Digua Community as a model for designing and implementing inclusive community learning spaces. Situated in the underground civil defense shelters of Chaoyang District, Beijing, the Digua Community reimagines underutilized urban infrastructure as multifunctional, resident-led learning hubs. The research objective is to explore how such spaces are spatially transformed, socially governed, and function as platforms for informal, intergenerational education. Employing a qualitative case study approach over an 18-month period, the study draws on data from participatory observation, documentary analysis, and in-depth interviews with 40 purposively selected informants, including project founders, volunteers, and community members. Thematic content analysis reveals three key components: the adaptive transformation of space using smart design and digital systems; participatory governance through the Community Co-Governance Committee and a Community Credit System; and the emergence of Digua as a dynamic cultural platform supporting peer-based, interdisciplinary learning. The findings suggest that Digua exemplifies principles of social design, sustainable development, and prototype learning communities, offering a replicable model for urban learning ecosystems. The study recommends scaling such initiatives across high-density urban environments and encourages further research into longitudinal impacts and cross-cultural applications.

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