The Analysis of Hypothesis Testing on Rare Sugars in Kagawa Prefecture

The Rare Sugars exist naturally and have many kinds (more than 50). They have good effect for health such as prevention of increasing the blood‐sugar level after eating, suppression of fat accumulation, suppression of increasing the blood pressure, and anti-oxidative effect etc. It is in the spotlight for many people especially for those who are in the metabolic syndrome. The Rare Sugars are prevailing in Japan by such activities as cooking class where the Rare Sugars are utilized for the new cuisine. There are few related papers concerning the marketing research and its utilization of this matter. In this paper, a questionnaire investigation is executed to the student of Kagawa Junior College in order to clarify consumers’ current condition and their consciousness, and to seek the possibility of utilizing the Rare Sugars. Fundamental statistical analysis and Hypothesis Testing analysis are executed based on that. Some interesting and instructive results were obtained.


Introduction
The Rare Sugars' study has launched on 1980 th by Professor Takeshi Izumori (Kagawa University).The way to the mass production was developed by the method of enzymatic reaction.The International Society of Rare Sugars was established in 2001.Local government of Kagawa Prefecture comes to assist this research activity on this big innovation newly born in Kagawa Prefecture.The Rare Sugars have advantage that a blood-sugar level does not increase so much after eating, in spite of it being a sugar.And it also holds the upturn of the blood pressure.Therefore it is expected as a new functional material for the prevention of metabolic syndrome.
By the way, one kind of the Rare Sugar D-psicose has the following characteristics.
① a sweetening made by the natural starch ② non calorie and its sweetness is 70% to those of sugar ③ organoleptic property of coolness and sharpness in taste Many medical research papers are published on the Rare Sugars as follows.
In this paper, a questionnaire investigation is executed to the student of Kagawa Junior College in order to clarify the recognition level among consumers and to pursue the future possibility of the Rare Sugars.Basic statistical analysis and hypothesis testing are conducted.The following three main issues are set.
A) Those who have interest in the Rare Sugars have also interest in health.
B) Those who do not know the Rare Sugars feel anxiety for them.
C) Generally, female have much more interest in the Rare Sugars than male.
Then, 6 sub issues are set and hypothesis testing is executed.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows.In section 2, outline of the questionnaire investigation and its basic statistical results are exhibited.After that, hypothesis testing is performed in section 3, which is followed by the remarks of section 4.

Outline of the Questionnaire Research
A questionnaire investigation is executed to the student of Kagawa Junior College in order to clarify the recognition level among consumers and to pursue the future possibility of the Rare Sugars.The outline of the questionnaire research is as follows. (

Basic Statistical Results
Now, we show the main summary results by single variable.
(1) Basic characteristics of answerers (2) Summary results for the items used in Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing
Hereinafter we make hypothesis testing based upon the questionnaire investigation data.

(1) Setting Hypothesis
First of all, we start from the hypothesis testing.Three main issues are set as follows.A) Those who have interest in the Rare Sugars have also interest in health.B) Those who do not know the Rare Sugars feel anxiety for them.C) Generally, female have much more interest in the Rare Sugars than male.
Next, we set the following 6 themes (sub issues) before setting Null Hypothesis.
A-1) Those who know that the Rare Sugars are effective for obese prevention and/or diabetes prevention have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars is contained.A-2) Those who have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars is contained have interest in diet.B-1) Those who do not know the Rare Sugars do not understand the concrete effect of them.B-2) Those who do not know the rare Sugars have acquaintances who do not use the Rare Sugars.C-1) Female know the Rare Sugar much more than male.C-2) Female want to use the Rare Sugars for cooking more than male.

Can not say either
Now, we set the following 6 Null hypothesis.A-1) There is not so much difference concerning that they have experience of eating and drinking food in which the Rare Sugars are contained between those who know that the Rare Sugars are effective for obese prevention and/or diabetes prevention and those who do not know.A-2) There is not so much difference concerning that they have interest in diet between those who have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars are contained and those who have not.B-1) There is not so much difference concerning that they do not know the concrete effect of the Rare Sugars between those who know the Rare Sugars and those who do not.B-2) There is not so much difference concerning that they do not have acquaintances who do not use the Rare Sugars between those who know the Rare Sugars and those who do not.C-1) There is not so much difference concerning that they know the Rare Sugars well between male and female.C-2) There is not so much difference concerning that they want to use the Rare Sugars for cooking between male and female.
(2) Hypothesis Testing  2 hypothesis testing is executed for about consumers' consciousness on the Rare Sugars. 2 hypothesis testing is to clarify the difference between the expected value and the observed data, which is shown in Eq. (1).
Where   is an observed data and   is an expected value.The results of statistical hypothesis testing are as follows.
Null Hypothesis A-1): There is not so much difference concerning that they have experience of eating and drinking food in which the Rare Sugars are contained between those who know that the Rare Sugars are effective for obese prevention and/or diabetes prevention and those who do not know.
Summary table for Null Hypothesis A-1) is exhibited in Table 1.(Rejection region is over 6.6349 for 1% significance level, 3.841 for 5% significance level, 3.537 for 6% significance level and 2.874 for 9% significance level by 1 degree of freedom.)The null hypothesis is rejected with 1% significance level.It can be said that those who know that the Rare Sugars are effective for obese prevention and/or diabetes prevention have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars is contained.

Null Hypothesis A-2):
There is not so much difference concerning that they have interest in diet between those who have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars are contained and those who have not.The null hypothesis is not rejected.It can be said that there is not so much difference concerning that they have interest in diet between those who have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars are contained and those who have not.

Null Hypothesis B-1):
There is not so much difference concerning that they do not know the concrete effect of the Rare Sugars between those who know the Rare Sugars and those who do not.
Summary table concerning Null Hypothesis B-1) is exhibited in Table 3.The null hypothesis is rejected with 1% significance level.It can be said that those who do not know the Rare Sugars do not understand the concrete effect of them.

Null Hypothesis B-2):
There is not so much difference concerning that they do not have acquaintances who do not use the Rare Sugars between those who know the Rare Sugars and those who do not.
Summary table concerning Null Hypothesis B-2) is exhibited in Table 4.The null hypothesis is not rejected.It can be said that There is not so much difference concerning that they do not have acquaintances who do not use the Rare Sugars between those who know the Rare Sugars and those who do not.

Null Hypothesis C-1):
There is not so much difference concerning that they know the Rare Sugars well between male and female.
Summary table concerning Null Hypothesis C-1) is exhibited in Table 5.The null hypothesis is rejected with 2% significance level.It can be said that female know the Rare Sugar much more than male.
Null Hypothesis C-2): There is not so much difference concerning that they want to use the Rare Sugars for cooking between male and female.
Summary table concerning Null Hypothesis C-2) is exhibited in Table 6.The null hypothesis is not rejected.It can be said that there is not so much difference concerning that they want to use the Rare Sugars for cooking between male and female.

Remarks
The Results for Hypothesis Testing are as follows.Main issue A consists of 2 sub issues (A-1,A-2).One of their Null Hypotheses was rejected and another one was not rejected.It can be said that those who know that the Rare Sugars are effective for obese prevention and/or diabetes prevention have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars is contained.2 sub issues were set for the main issue B (B-1, B-2).One of their Null Hypotheses was rejected and another one was not rejected.It can be said that those who do not know the Rare Sugars do not understand the concrete effect of them. 2 sub issues were set for the main issue C (C-1, C-2).One of their Null Hypotheses was rejected and another one was not rejected.It can be said that female know the Rare Sugar much more than male.

Conclusion
The Rare Sugars exist naturally and have many kinds (more than 50).They have good effect for health such as prevention of increasing the blood-sugar level after eating, suppression of fat accumulation, suppression of increasing the blood pressure, and anti-oxidative effect etc.It is in the spotlight for many people especially for those who are in the metabolic syndrome.There are few related papers concerning the marketing research and its utilization of this matter.In this paper, a questionnaire investigation was executed to the student of Kagawa Junior College in order to clarify consumers' current condition and their consciousness, and to seek the possibility of utilizing the Rare Sugars.Hypothesis testing was conducted based on that.We have set three main issues as follows.
A) Those who have interest in the Rare Sugars have also interest in health.
B) Those who do not know the Rare Sugars feel anxiety for them.
C) Generally, female have much more interest in the Rare Sugars than male.
For the A part, it consists of 2 sub issues.One of their Null Hypotheses was rejected and another one was not rejected.It can be said that those who know that the Rare Sugars are effective for obese prevention and/or diabetes prevention have eaten or drunk food in which the Rare Sugars is contained.For the B part, 2 sub issues were set and one of their Null Hypotheses was rejected and another one was not rejected.It can be said that those who do not know the Rare Sugars do not understand the concrete effect of them.For the C part, 2 sub issues were set and one of their Null Hypotheses was rejected and another one was not rejected.It can be said that female know the Rare Sugar much more than male.
Further study on this should be executed such as multivariate analysis.Various cases should be investigated here after.

Table 1 .
Summary table for Null Hypothesis A-1)

Table 2 .
Summary table for Null Hypothesis A

Table 3 .
Summary table for Null Hypothesis B-1)

Table 4 .
Summary table for Null Hypothesis B-2)

Table 5 .
Summary table for Null Hypothesis C-1)

Table 6 .
Summary table for Null Hypothesis C-2)