The State of Leadership Skills of Senior Students at Schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa City from Their Point of View

This study will shed some lights on the state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory from theirs perspective. The study used descriptive method, and a questionnaire is set up from (20) paragraph. The validity and reliability of study's means were justified. The study case consisted of students in high schools stage at the 2nd directory of education at Zarqa .for the academic year 2017-2018, and a sample of (250) male and female students is taken randomly that the study led to certain findings such as: The state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory from theirs perspective. There were no momentous differences in the estimations of the study's element for status quo of leadership skills that are attributed to variables of specialization, qualification, and gender. The study recommended strengthening the leadership skills of high school pupils by the Educational Ministry and higher education through developing educational and training programs, and they have to cooperate in providing complementary school-university courses in leadership skills.

It is a goal of education to develop the leadership skills of students to create a generation capable of coping with the huge amount of technology in all areas of life. The current high school students are the generation of tomorrow. Thus, they are the most important element in the school. Their skills need to be developed by their teachers (warren, 2008), and if they cooperate with the community, the balance of making them future leaders will be finalized, on condition that their individualistic should fuses together with communism and teamwork to be properly prepared for life when they go to the university (Povetin, 2016).
Leadership is the "art of influencing others," which means in high school the ability of high school students to influence and take over their peers in a positive interactive way. This is done only by learning and practicing leadership skills and determining whether the student has the qualities and abilities that qualify him to be a leader and distinguish him than other students. This will be done by separating the students' leadership (Naitulie, Naitulie, Wegulo, 2012). This stage is passed through six stages: (1) exploration: by identifying the students of high school and studying their condition, (2) experimental: by testing their human and mental abilities, Control their behavior, (3) assessment: shortcomings or creativity of high school students will be explored, (4) qualification: training needs of students will be identified to be future leaders, (5) assignment: they will be placed in practical leadership positions and (6) empowerment. by which the key features of the student's leading personality will be made clear that then the tasks are assigned to them (Al-Sakarna, 2010).
The development of the leadership skills of high school students is beneficial for the society and an imperative necessity for the changes that are taking place in the world today, because the high school students represent youth, innovation, ambition, creativity, excellence, and innovation that if invested well will contribute to the development and progress of society. Leadership skills are categorized into personal skills such as self-control, listening, and interpersonal skills that are visible to high school students through their interactions with each other and faculty members, and respect for single opinion and others, building strong relationships with others, and cognitive or conceptual skills. This is will be through the ability of high school students to sense and respond to the problem and work on solving them, and technical skills through full preparation for learning, education and Purposeful reading in all aspects of their education, their leadership communication skills that students can communicate their ideas and information by using verbal and nonverbal communication and body language, because communication is a three-element skill: language, perfection, and speed (Smborowsk, 2006).
To learn and acquire leadership skills, students are expected to practice their education, learn about leadership figures, invite prominent leadership figures in the community and school or give them leadership roles in the school to represent them.
The high school is responsible for developing the trends and attitudes of high school students and their different attitudes and leadership to ensure that they are developed and taught leadership skills (Owen, 2007). Today, high school is required more than ever to achieve the goals of secondary education, leadership in particular, and this school category accepts the acquisition of any skill that develops their leadership skills now-hows like communication, decision making, control of emotions, time management and investment, because leadership is generated by learning (Allaq, 2010).
In the light of knowledge and economics, globalization and its challenges, technology and its ramifications, and the possibility to take advantage of the capabilities and energies and activity of high school students in a constructive manner, as having some leadership traits through which future leadership skills are made clear, it is noted that the students of secondary stage energies and capabilities can be developed and benefit from them, however, there is a clear gap between societal changes on the one hand, and the utilization of the energies and leadership skills of high school students on the other. Thus, the community needs young leaders to make the desired change, as well as the concentration of teachers high school to complete the school curriculum without taking into account the skills and leadership behaviors of high school students until they are prepared for the university stage, which resulted in a lack of development of leadership skills among high school students, and created the need to pay attention to the leadership skills of students of this stage because of their large role in refining their personalities, and increasing their competencies.

Problem of Study
Research problem has been represented in answering the following question: What is the state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory from their point of view?

Target and inquiries of Study
This study intends to illustrate the status quo of leadership skills among secondary high schools students in the mas.ccsenet.org Modern Applied Science Vol. 12, No. 10;2018 schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa from their opinion. To fulfill this goal, there were two questions introduced and answered: Question 1: What is the state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa city from their point of view?
Question 2: Are there any meaningful dissimilarity at the level of (α = 0.05) in the estimation of study units of the state of leadership skills due to specialization, educational level, and gender variables?

Importance of Study
Value of this work derive from the significance of the subject, particularly: leadership skills. With the hope that its findings will benefit certain official and private institutions like.
-Ministry of Education, official and private schools by providing practical methods of training courses for high school personnel on how to develop leadership skills among senior students and their teachers, and researchers by furnishing them with practical training of leadership skills..

Definition
The study terms are defined as follows: Skill: "The ability to do a job in perfect, easy, and control ways. (Papacharisis, Goudas, Danish, Theodorakis, 2015) identified it as a performance or reach a result in using special methods." Leadership: "The ability to influence others." (Maaytah, 2010) Leadership skills: "Skills the leader must have; acquired through skills, knowledge, and experiences" (Asiedu, Agnes, 2013).
In procedure: The ability of high school students to acquire skills, knowledge and experience, how to communicate with other students, with teachers, time investment and management, and make appropriate decisions.
High school stage: One of the main learning types of educational system in Jordan, which cover 11 th and 12 th classes at the age of 17 -18 years old.
2 nd educational Directory at Zarqa: It is an educational directorate of Education Ministry. It includes High Schools of Birin, Al-Daleel and Zarqa.

Limitation
This study confined to: Human beings: High school students at 2 nd educational directory.
Time: The study has confined itself to high school students at 2 nd educational directory in the years from 2010-2017.
Spatial: 2 nd educational directory at Zarqa.

Previous Related Research
Following; are some of the relevant studies like: Sheikha & Omar (2009) made a study entitled "The role of the school in the promotion and development of leadership skills" aimed to find out how school can enhance and develop leadership skills, sample of study consisted of 17 persons from both gender who were representing the students union in Sharjah school in UAE.Researchers adopted the interview style as a method. They concluded that school had an active role in enhancing and developing the students and teachers' leadership skills vis-à-vis communications and humanitarian issues.
Ogurlu & emire (2013) conducted a study entitled "Development of a Leadership Skills Scale", aimed to develop a leadership skills scale for grades 6 through 8 in Istanbul, Turkey. The sample consisted of 571 students. The scale is theoretically and statistically valid for the study sample, and its cycometric properties are acceptable.
Farawneh (2014) published a work titled "The Effectiveness of a Program Training to develop the High School Students Leadership Skills" aimed at revealing the level of leadership skills among high school pupils. The study case made of (210) pupils in grade 11, who scored grades at leadership feature scale. The study adopted a questionnaire and training program as a tool. It concluded that leadership skills of high school students were high, and there were differences between the average scores of the experimental group members in the pre and post-graduate scales on the leadership skills scale after the program was implemented. Differences between the experimental group in the pre and post measurements are unnoticeable, two months after the application of the training program.
Ogurlu & Emire (2014) conducted a study entitled "Implications of Building a Leadership Scale for Leadership Development for gifted and non-gifted Students". It aimed to demonstrate the implications of building a leadership scale for the development of leadership skills of talented and untalented students in second elementary grade in Istanbul. The researcher used two different groups: experimental and control groups consisted of (20) and (21) male students respectively. It expressed that the program has an unequivocal effects on the leadership skills of both groups.
Madhoun & Isalim (2016)  Ghada, Hashim (2016) sought to conduct a study entitled "Proposed training program for the development of leadership skills among the students of the higher elementary stage in UNRWA's schools in Jordan in the light of the leadership trends". The study aimed at developing a proposed training program for the development of leadership skills among the students of higher elementary stage in UNRWA's schools in Jordan in the light of the leadership trends. The study sample consisted of (123) of both gender principals, (354) male and female teachers.
The study tool was the questionnaire. The study's findings argued that there were differences between the reality and importance of the proposed program from perspective of principals and teachers.
Ghada, Hashim (2017) directed a study titled "Necessary Leadership Skills in Teamwork for Students in the Higher Elementary Stage in Jordan from the Point of View of Principals and Teachers: A Study Case of UN Schools" In Jordan. The study aimed to reveal the leadership skills required in the teamwork of higher elementary stage students in Jordan from the principals and teachers perspective. The study community consisted of principals and teachers of UNRWA in Jordan. They were (500). The outcome of this work illustrated that the leadership skills required in the teamwork of elementary students stage in Jordan from perspective of principals and teachers were low.

What Distinguishes this Study from Previous Studies?
They clarified some subjects in conjunction to the topic issue like, the study of Hashim (2017), and Poftin (2016). Some studies emphasized the need to furnish students with leadership skills like the study of Madhoun,Isalim (2015), and Ogurlu & Emire (2014). This study is characterized by highlighting on leadership skills of high school students, because these skills are of great importance and a real benefit in preparing high school students for life on the one hand and for the university level on the other hand.

Methodology
The study followed the descriptive approach as the best way for this kind of studies.

Population of the Study
The personell of this study is composed of all high school students that were (500), for the academic year 2017-2018, distributed among official schools in 2 nd Zarqa Directory of Education. As the statics of educational Ministry records show for 2017-2018.

Sample of the Study
A sample of 250 students has been taken randomly by 50% as it appeared in table (1).

Study Instrument
The study clarified the state of leadership skills amongst senior students at the schools of 2 nd Educational Directory at Zarqa city from their point of view. To make the best out of this study, and to convey their questions, the theoretical literature, on the current study and previous ones such as Farawneh (2014) and Hashim (2016), was used. A 20-paragraph questionnaire was developed, and the Lycert triangular scale was used with high, medium, and low grades.

Questionnaire Authority
The questionnaire was presented to ten arbitrators in same specialization to ensure the tool in terms of construction integrity and clarity of language. The comments of arbitrators were taken.

Questionnaire Reliability
In order to verify the validity of the questionnaire, reliability coefficients of Cronbach's alpha were found for paragraphs of questionnaire with (0.729).

Study Variables
The study included the following variables: Independent: leadership skills.
Dependent: the response degree of high school students at schools of 2 nd Educational Directory at Zarqa.
-Educational level: first and second secondary grades.

Statistical Processing Methods
To meet study aims, the statistical packages program for social sciences (SPSS) was employed to achieve the objectives of the study and the data was analyzed to reach the results as follows: -To describe the properties of the study sample, duplicates and percentages were used.
-To identify the responses of sample members to each resolution paragraph, arithmetic averages and standard deviations have been extracted.
-To verify the stability of the resolution, (Cronbach's alpha) coefficient has been extracted.
-To discover the significance of differences between two independent groups, the test "t" was used for independent samples.
-The following scaling was adopted to denote the average of the sample responses: Less than 1.67-degree low approval, from 1.67 to less than 2.34-degree medium approval

Study Result
The results of the study are presented in accordance with their questions, as follow:

Result Related to Question (1)
What is the state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa city from their point of view?
To address this question, the mean averages, the standard deviations and the order of the sample approval levels were calculated on the questionnaires. The results were as follows: The previous table indicates that the mean averages of approval scores of respondents ranged 1.48 to 2.46, where paragraph (2) (Can deal with modern technology) obtained the highest mean average by (2.46) with high approval rate. But paragraph (6) (benefit from the teaching experience) obtained 2.36 with high approval rate, while the rest of paragraphs obtained medium approval scores, apart from paragraph 18 (Forgive colleagues at any disputes occurred) scored the lowest mean average by (1.48) with low approval score.
The table also convey that the total number of paragraphs achieved a mean average of (2.07) with medium approval score. This indicates that the state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa city from their point of view was medium.

Result Related to Question (2)
Are there any meaningful dissimilarity at the level of (α = 0.05) in the estimation of study units of the state of leadership skills due to specialization, educational level, and gender variables?

Due to Specialization
To reply this question, the arithmetic averages and the standard deviations of the study sample responses were extracted to the reality of the leadership skills according to the specialization variable and the significance of the differences between the averages was defined by the T-test and results shown in table 3.. The table above shows that there are no meaningful dissimilarity at level of less than (0.05) in the study's sample for the status quo of leadership skills according to specialization variable. This indicates that the estimations of students of the status quo of their leadership skills at schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa are similar.

Due to Educational Level
The question was answered by extracting the arithmetic averages and the standard deviations of the study sample's responses to the reality of the leadership skills according to the variable of the educational level and knowing the significance of the differences between those averages by T -TEST and the results illustrated by table 4.

Due to Gender
The question was answered by extracting calculations and standard deviations of the study sample's responses to the reality of leadership skills according to the gender variable and the significance of the differences between those averages was defined by the t-test and results shown in table 5.

Discussion of the Result to Question (1)
What is the state of leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2nd Educational Directory at Zarqa city from their point of view?
The state of leadership skills among senior students in the schools of 2 nd Educational Directory at Zarqa, from their point of view, was medium. This outcome is decided by the fact that the current generation (high school students) can realize and deal with the modern technology. However, they acquired practical experience in this field and can easily access to information. The Internet, which has become one of the most important educational means, is the guide for high school students, whether by watching education YouTube, using social media, computer, or smart phones. They also tend to make good from the experiences of their teachers in this field by using them in presenting the scientific material or employing modern technology in teaching.
Paragraph that scored the lowest mean average is attributed to the fact that high school students are characterized by different attitudes, characters, and methods of dealing with each other, which leads to deal with matters differently and sometimes, abuse each other. Some of them may insult others at other times. Intolerance is the most important problems facing high school students based on the idea that he does not deserve forgiveness because he open a door to repeat the mistake again; he must take his right. In return, some students forgive with the ability to respond to abuse, which can reinforce fellowship relationship in terms of accepting others and be able to cohabit with during the school time.
This result is on the same line with Madhoun and Isalim work (2016) that the role of leadership training programs in enhancing the leadership skills of Palestinian youth was medium. This result disagreed with the study of Farwaneh (2014) that the leadership skills of high school students were high. The study also disagreed with the study of Poftin (2016) that the role of physical education female teachers in enhancing the leadership skills of intermediate school students in Kuwait was high. This is in addition to the study of Hashim (2017) that the leadership skills required in the teamwork of students of higher elementary grade in Jordan from perspective of principals and teachers scored low grade.

Result Related to Question (2)
Are there any meaningful dissimilarity at the level of (α = 0.05) in the estimation of study units of the state of leadership skills due to specialization, educational level, and gender variables?
4.2.1 The results concluded that from statistical point of view the differences level is lower than (0.05) in the study's sample for the status quo of leadership skills according to specialization variable. This indicates that the estimations of students of the status quo of their leadership skills at schools of 2 nd educational directory at Zarqa are similar.

4.2.2
The result concluded that from statistical point of view the differences level is lower than (0.05) in study's sample of the status quo of leadership skills according to educational level variable.

4.2.3
The result concluded that from statistical point of view the differences level is lower than (0.05) in the study's sample of status quo of leadership skills according to gender variable. This indicates that estimations of male and female students of status quo of leadership skills at schools of 2 nd educational directory at Zarqa are similar.
The results above may be attributed to the fact that high school students of all educational branches (scientific or literature), or their educational level, whether in 11 th or 12 grade, males or females, are having leadership skills. In addition, the educational institutions' environment is similar and subject to a single educational system. This result disagreed with the study of Madhoun, Isliam (2016) that there were no noticeable differences from statistical point of view concerning the effect of the role of leadership training programs in enhancing the leadership skills of Palestinian youth due to education variable, as well as the study of Bophtin (2016) which indicated that there were meaningful similarity attributed to educational level at the side of 9 th grade students.

Recommendations
Upon the result of the study, it recommends the following: The mean averages and standard deviations revealed that the state of the leadership skills of senior students at schools of 2 nd educational directory at Zarqa according to their perspective was medium.